Vitamin E (tocopherol)

The most important fat-soluble antioxidant. It takes part in protecting cell membranes, omega-3 fatty acids and LDL from oxidation. Works synergistically with selenium.

How vitamin E acts in the body

Vitamin E – mainly alpha-tocopherol – is absorbed with dietary fat and transported in lipoproteins; the liver preferentially selects alpha-tocopherol via a dedicated transport protein. In cell membranes it sits between the fatty acids and interrupts chain reactions in which unsaturated fatty acids are oxidised. In doing so it is itself oxidised; vitamin C and glutathione restore it.

Low vitamin E – what happens in the body?

When little vitamin E is available, unsaturated fatty acids in membranes are oxidised more easily. Nerve cells with long extensions and muscles are particularly sensitive: unsteady gait, weakened reflexes and muscle weakness may follow, and red blood cells are damaged more easily. Marked deficiency is rare and occurs mainly with impaired fat absorption.

High vitamin E – what happens in the body?

Very high amounts, usually from supplements, can impair the action of vitamin K and thereby delay blood clotting – relevant mainly when anticoagulant medication is taken at the same time.

The interpretation is given in your report.